Comitato direttivo
Giovanni F. Accolla, Franco Cardini, Domenico Del Nero, Giordano Bruno Guerri, Gennaro Malgieri, Gennaro Sangiuliano, Mirella Serri, Marcello Veneziani.
opo il disegno manifestato da Cesare Borgia di volersi impadronire di Bologna, con lo scopo sublime di completare il suo progetto, ovvero crearsi in Romagna un proprio regno, alcuni suoi capitani e alleati repentinamente tramarono per impedirgli di realizzare questi suoi piani e per porre fine così alla sua folgorante parabola politica, magari uccidendolo o più semplicemente imprigionandolo. Così Vitellozzo Vitelli, insieme con Oliverotto da Fermo, Paolo Orsini e suo cugino Francesco, Giampaolo Baglioni e Antonio Giordano decisero di riunirsi in casa del cardinale Giovan Battista Orsini per pianificare una congiura ai danni del Duca Valentino. I fiorentini, vecchie volpi, inviarono Nicolò Machiavelli dallo stesso Cesare Borgia per avvertirlo del tradimento “in fieri” dei suoi capitani.
I congiurati fomentarono prima ribellioni e disordini nel territorio borgiano passando poi alle armi. Intanto il Principe Nero meditava feroce vendetta comunicando ai suoi più fidati seguaci, tra i quali Michelotto, la sua ombra più temibile, il piano della stessa:
“Donde che il duca la sera davanti (che fu a' dì trenta di dicembre nel mille cinquecento due) che doveva partire da Fano, comunicò el disegno suo a otto sua de' più fidati, intra e quali fu don Michele e monsignor d'Euna che fu poi cardinale; e commisse loro che, subito che Vitellozzo, Pagolo Orsino, duca di Gravina, e Oliverotto li fussino venuti a lo incontro, che ogni dua di loro mettessino in mezzo uno di quelli, consegnando l'uomo certo agli uomini certi, e quello intrattenessino infino drento in Sinigaglia, né gli lasciassino partire fino che fussino pervenuti a lo alloggiamento e presi.”
Queste le parole del Machiavelli.
Le abilità di quello straordinario stratega ed eccellente politico che fu Cesare servirono a piegare gli ex capitani alla tregua: Paolo Orsini, allettato con lenocini e prebende, raggiunse un accordo con il Duca Borgia, convincendo anche Vitellozzo e gli altri condottieri ad accettare la richiesta di pace, che fu conclusa una settimana dopo. Il Duca Nero cavalcò alla volta di Senigallia dove un reggimento comandato dal Capitano Andrea Doria difendeva la cittadella. Paolo Orsini, fattosi garante per il Valentino, convinse nuovamente tutti gli ex comandanti del Valentino di convenire, la notte del 31 dicembre 1502, ad un banchetto privato presso la città di Senigallia.
Il Valentino incontrò i condottieri fuori del borgo dove baciò ed abbracciò Vitellozzo Vitelli in segno di riconciliazione. Insieme a loro fecero ingresso in Senigallia, dato che si trovavano fuori dalla città presso un accampamento, poche truppe di Oliverotto, decisamente inferiori di numero alle lancie condotte da Cesare Borgia. Questi, accortosi dell'assenza di Oliverotto, ordinò al solito Michelotto, che aveva opportunamente sistemato i quartieri del Borgia in un palazzo della città, di raggiungerlo invitandolo “a venire seco ad incontrare el duca”. Questi chiese ai suoi compagni di entrarvi con lui per predisporre i piani per le successive battaglie. Quando tutti i convenuti si furono accomodati, Cesare abbandonò la sala e ad un suo segnale i condottieri ribelli vennero prontamente circondati da uomini armati e fatti prigionieri. A questo punto Machiavelli racconta:
“Ma venuta la notte, e fermi e tumulti, al duca parve di fare ammazzare Vitellozzo e Liverotto; e conduttogli in uno luogo insieme, gli fe' strangolare.”
Vitellozzo e Oliverotto furono uccisi nella notte probabilmente per mano di Michelotto, abile maestro nella garrota. Paolo Orsini ed il duca di Gravina invece furono in un primo tempo incarcerati dal Principe, dopo l'arresto del Cardinale Orsini comandato da suo padre Alessandro VI. Il cardinale fu poi ucciso in Castel Sant’Angelo. Dopo una breve prigionia, Paolo ed il duca di Gravina furono trucidati due settimane più tardi, da Michelotto aiutato da un altro sicario; il primo venendo strangolato e l'altro annegato.
Celebri furono poi gli elogi che, tra i contemporanei, vennero rivolti al Valentino per il "magnifico inganno", come lo ha definito il Machiavelli, dell’eccidio di Senigallia, che produsse grandi consensi più che critiche sdegnose, ancora una volta ammirato il Duca di Valentinois per il gelido agire con cui aveva soppresso i propri nemici, rappresentando essi solo degli impedimenti al completamento del suo progetto di conquista della Romagna. Inoltre, va detto e ricordato che i condottieri al seguito di Vitellozzo e compari avevano fama di oppressori ed erano odiati dalle popolazioni che avevano tirannicamente oppresso.
Notate come la storia, vichianamente, non si ripete in modo pedissequo ma segue cerchi elicoidali che a volte a distanza di secoli si somigliano.
La differenze tra Cesare Borgia e Silvio Berlusconi sono e restano enormi ed incolmabili, a cominciare da quelle ovvie ed evidenti per concludere con quelle che lo sono meno.
Va altresì detto che Il Principe Nero, al contrario del Cavaliere non si è mai circondato di collaboratori mediocri, incapaci o incompetenti. Infatti tutti i suoi ex capitani, ribellatisi per cupidigia, ingordigia ed irriconoscenza, accecati dalla loro stessa presunzione e superbia, sia Vitellozzo, Baglioni e Orsini sono eccellenti capitani di ventura, ottimi combattenti e uomini di grandi capacità. Seppur nessuno di loro fosse in grado di allacciare gli speroni al Valentino.
Altrettanto purtroppo non si può dire delle scelte compiute dal Cavaliere in questi anni, fatti salvi pochissimi esempi che gli sono rimasti a fianco, ma si sa che sul polso dei Capitani e dei Re si posano soltanto i falchi.
Le pecore e gli armenti vengono lasciati nella greppia, fuori dalle fortezze.
A belare.
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